75 photos of different types of gypsophila, growing and caring for the plant

Gypsophila or Kachim (lat. Gypsóphila) is a genus of flowering plants in the Carnation family. Translated, it means “lime-loving,” which characterizes its growth zone. There are approximately 150 varieties of gypsophila. Representatives of this culture are able to decorate any garden plot. Because of its characteristic light and airy appearance, this plant is also called tumbleweed, baby's breath, gypsum, or bridal veil. Gypsophila can be bushy in the form of small subshrubs, as well as in the form of branched herbs.

Botanical description of the plant

Gypsophila is common on the rocks of the mountainous zone of the mountains of Europe and Asia. In Russia, the plant grows in the European part of the country, the Far East and Siberia.

Gypsophila resembles a ball in its appearance. Gypsophila stems are branched and single, reaching 100 cm in height, higher in some semi-shrub species, with narrow lanceolate leaves and an apical paniculate inflorescence with numerous small flowers.

During flowering, the plant is covered with airy flowers. Depending on the variety, the flowers can be white, with pink or greenish hues.

The fruit of the plant is a capsule of a spherical or ovoid shape, multi-seeded, 4-valved, the seeds are kidney-shaped-round.

The root system of gypsophila is powerful and branched.

Types and popular varieties

Among the many types of gypsophila there are annuals, perennials, shrubs and grass. According to the Plant List database for 2013, the crop includes 152 species. Some of them are presented below.

Elegant

Gypsophila elegante is a brightly flowering ground cover that is planted in flowerbeds, alpine slides, for group installations and for cutting. It forms a wide cushion up to 50 cm high. This species came into cultivation at the beginning of the 19th century. It grows in Asia Minor. This herbaceous annual plant begins to bloom 1.5 months after planting. The ideal soil for gypsophila elegante is acidic limed soil. The plant blooms for 3 weeks, so the seeds must be sown in several stages to extend the flowering period.

1. The most popular varieties of gypsophila graceful are:
2. Rose - during flowering is covered with pink flowers.
3. Carmine - blooms with red flowers.Gypsophila looks like a ball. The stems of gypsophila are branched and solitary, reaching a height of 100 cm, higher in some subshrub species, with narrow lanceolate leaves and an apical paniculate inflorescence with numerous small flowers.

During flowering, the plant is covered with airy flowers. Depending on the variety, the flowers can be white, with pink or greenish tints.

The fruit of the plant is a spherical or ovoid capsule, multi-seeded, 4-valve, the seeds are kidney-shaped and round.

The root system of gypsophila is powerful and branched.

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Types and popular varieties

Among the many species of gypsophila there are annuals, perennials, shrubs and grass. According to The Plant List material database for 2013, the crop includes 152 species. Below are some of them.

Graceful

Gypsophila graceful is a brightly flowering ground cover that is planted in flower beds, alpine slides, for group installations and for cutting. Forms a wide cushion up to 50 cm high. This species came into cultivation at the beginning of the 19th century. It grows in Asia Minor. This herbaceous annual plant begins to bloom 1.5 months after planting. The ideal soil for gypsophila graceful is acidic limed soil. The plant blooms for 3 weeks, so it is necessary to sow the seeds in several stages to extend the flowering period.

The most popular varieties of graceful gypsophila are:

Rose - during flowering it is covered with pink flowers.

Double Star is a low variety, growing up to 20 cm, blooms with bright pink flowers.

Paniculata

Due to its perenniality, the plant does not need annual planting. Therefore, this variety is one of the most common in culture. Gypsophila paniculata is a semi-shrub, 60 to 120 cm high with a spherical crown. It grows in the territory from Central Europe and Central Asia to the southern part of Western Siberia.

Gypsophila paniculata has been cultivated since the middle of the 18th century. Thanks to the saponins contained in its roots, gypsophila was used in the household. These organic compounds foamed water, which helped to wash tonic fabrics and woolen fabrics.

This type of culture is planted in rockeries, mixborders and individual plantings. The plant looks great as a decoration for bouquets and decor. Gypsophila paniculata is characterized by white, sometimes pink flowers, the size of which can reach 6 - 8 mm. The semi-shrub blooms in summer and early autumn.

Snowflake

Snowflake is a popular variety of Gypsophila paniculata. It grows in the form of a spreading branched bush up to 50 cm high. During the flowering period, the plant is covered with double, large white flowers. Gypsophila paniculata Snowflake is a long-lived plant. Without transplantation in one place, it can live up to 25 years with proper care. This is a very light-loving plant. Only in the hot midday hours will it need a little shade from nearby plants. The plant requires minimal watering. It requires moisture only in drought, it must be watered exactly at the root. It looks perfect next to densely flowering ornamental garden crops. Rosenshleyer

The Rosenshleyer variety is a hybrid of paniculate and creeping gypsophila.Double Star is a low variety that grows up to 20 cm and blooms with bright pink flowers.

Paniculata

Due to its perennial nature, the plant does not require annual planting. Therefore, this variety is one of the most common in culture. Gypsophila paniculata is a subshrub, 60 to 120 cm high with a spherical crown. It grows in the territory from Central Europe and Central Asia to the southern part of Western Siberia.

Gypsophila paniculata has been cultivated since the mid-18th century. Thanks to the saponins contained in its roots, gypsophila was used on the farm. These organic compounds foamed the water, which helped the tonic wash fabrics and wool fabrics.

This type of crop is planted in rockeries, mixborders and individual plantings. The plant looks great as a decoration for bouquets and decoration. Gypsophila paniculata is characterized by white, sometimes pink flowers, the size of which can reach 6 - 8 mm. The subshrub blooms in summer and early autumn.

Snowflake

Snowflake is a popular variety of gypsophila paniculata. It grows as a spreading branched bush up to 50 cm tall. During the flowering period, the plant is covered with double, large white flowers. Gypsophila paniculata Snowflake is a long-lived plant. Without transplantation in one place, it can live up to 25 years with proper care. This is a very light-loving plant. Only on hot afternoons will she need a little shade from nearby plants.The plant requires minimal watering. It requires moisture only during drought; it must be watered exactly at the root. Looks ideal next to densely flowering ornamental garden crops.

Rosenschleier

The Rosenschleier variety is a hybrid of paniculata and creeping gypsophila. The plant has a small height - up to 40 - 50 cm, while it spreads widely across the soil as lush branched bushes. Has a powerful root system. The areola of culture is Russia, Europe, the northwestern part of China, Mongolia. The shrub blooms with double white and pink flowers with a diameter of 6 mm. The flowering period usually lasts longer than that of other representatives of this crop. Grows in well-lit areas, tolerates slight shading. In one place without replanting, a plant can live for 7 - 9 years. Grows well in dry, clay-sandy, well-drained, calcareous and fresh soils. Gypsophila Rosenschleier looks great in flower beds and framed along paths. It is actively grown as a cut flower - gypsophila branches are used to create living bouquets and as dried flowers.

Flamingo

Flamingo is a decorative tall variety of gypsophila. It is a shrub 120 - 140 cm in height with double large flowers of purple and light pink color with a thick cover of leaves and inflorescences. The flowers of the plant are up to 6 mm in diameter, the leaves are narrow, long and light green.The flowering period of Flamingos is from June to August. Flamingos are easy to care for, but the soil must be kept moist.

Bristol Fairy

Bristol Fairy is a perennial variety with highly branched stems that form a lacy, spherical bush. The shrub grows to 60 - 75 cm in height. The leaves are narrow, gray-green, double flowers, up to 12 mm in diameter, white. Bristol Fairy begins to bloom in July. This variety is grown mainly for cutting, for arranging live bouquets and dried flowers.

Gypsophila paniculata Pink Star is a perennial variety that grows up to 120 cm in height. Knobby branched stems, especially at the top, form an openwork rounded bush. The inflorescences are paniculate in shape with flowers about 1 cm in diameter. The flowers are double and have a dark pink color. The plant blooms for up to 3 months and does not require careful care. In the garden it is planted in groups or next to other plants. This variety is actively used by florists, as it does not lose its appearance even in dry form. Looks great in bouquets with roses.

Creeping

Creeping gypsophila (Gypsophila repens) gets its name from the shoots that spread along the ground. This perennial plant is a dark green herb that forms dense bushes, approximately 20 - 25 cm high, growing up to 30 - 50 cm wide. This is a perennial, sun-loving variety that can grow in one place for 20 - 25 years .

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The culture is widespread on the dry chalk mountainous slopes of Southern and Central Europe.

Creeping gypsophila blooms almost all summer. The star-shaped flowers of the plant form paniculate inflorescences. Creeping gypsophila is often planted on alpine hills, rocky gardens and stone walls.

The variety is unpretentious to soil composition, so it can be grown in clay soil with neutral or alkaline acidity. However, stagnation of moisture can lead to the formation of fungal diseases. Creeping gypsophila shrubs are frost-resistant and tolerate drought well.

The culture became known to gardeners from the end of the 18th century. For the love of gardeners for this variety, creeping gypsophila has earned a prestigious award from the Royal Horticultural Society of Great Britain.

Fretensis

The creeping gypsophila variety Fretensis has the appearance of low-growing shrubs up to 25 cm high. Fretensis blooms with small pink flowers. The plant begins to bloom in June and ends in August. The leaves are dark green, the flowers are collected in paniculate inflorescences.

Monstrosa

Gypsophila creeping Monstrosa (Monstrosa) are shrubs creeping along the ground no more than 15 cm high. The flowers of the plant are snow-white with a pinkish tint, miniature, with long green stamens, shoots are erect.

Phillow rose

Seedlings of the Filou Rose variety grow up to 20 cm in height, have creeping shoots, and form small shrubs.Flowering lasts all summer with pink flowers. From the outside it looks like a colored pillow. The oblong leaves are dark green. The soil needs to be kept moist and watering needs to be done at the roots. Well suited for a sunny area, grows quickly. The plant must be protected from moisture stagnation. Phillow rose grows well, so the planting should not be dense. It is recommended to plant on drained, loose soil. Goes well with other plants as a decoration for rocky decorations.

Blush

Rumyana is a compact variety of gypsophila that blooms in June - July. Grows up to 10 - 15 cm in height. Blush has creeping stems with numerous pink flowers and dark green leaves. After flowering, the seeds ripen and remain viable for a long time. It tolerates cold without problems, but the growing plant needs shelter for the winter. Loves sunlight; light, dry, waterproof soil is best for the plant. It grows actively and can live in one place for 25 years without transplantation. Perfect for rock gardens and garden decoration.

Isplicular

Wall

A low-growing annual plant variety that forms a neat spherical bush with straight stems. The leaves are small, linear, bright green. The flowers of the plant are small, forming paniculate inflorescences. Wall gypsophila blooms throughout the summer. She prefers illuminated areas where slight shading is allowed. The soil for the plant should be light sandy loam or nutritious loamy, drained, with the addition of lime. It is necessary to sow between other tall plants. The most popular variety of wall gypsophila is the Gipsy variety. This is a profusely flowering annual plant that is planted in tubs. The flowers of this gypsophila range from white to pale pink. Requires regular watering.

Pacific

In the wild, Pacific gypsophila (Gypsophila pacifica) grows on the stone coastal slopes of China and Primorye. This perennial variety can grow in one place for up to 4 years. The shoots of the plant are highly branched, the leaves are wide, lanceolate, bluish-gray in color. The flowers are light pink and have a diameter of approximately 7 mm. Once every 3-4 years, plantings are renewed by propagation by seeds. The plant's spreading bushes reach a height of up to 100 cm, so seedlings are planted at a distance of at least 1 m from each other. Pacific gypsophila begins to bloom only in August and gradually ends in September. The variety is planted in rockeries; during flowering it resembles a translucent pink cloud.

House conditions

Some representatives of the culture, such as wall gypsophila Gipsy, can be planted in pots or tubs. Even for unpretentious gypsophila, there are special care rules, this applies to the choice of soil and proper planting. For growing at home, choose low-growing varieties and varieties with creeping shoots.

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Temperature

After germination, the pots are placed in conditions with a temperature of approximately 20 ° C

• Humidity indicators
• The plant is resistant to drought, but does not like excess moisture. Stagnation of water in the soil can lead to rotting of the roots and the formation of fungus.With high air humidity and cool weather, there is a high probability that the plant will be affected by gray rot, a dangerous fungal disease.
• Lighting

Gypsophila is a very light-loving plant. Without good lighting, it may not bloom. Daylight hours should be approximately 12 hours. If there is a shortage, it is recommended to organize additional artificial lighting using LED and fluorescent lamps.

Where to keep

It is better to place pots with plants on the southeast or southwest sides of the house with access to direct sunlight in the morning and evening for at least 3 to 4 hours.

Home care

When planting potted varieties of gypsophila, it is worth considering some features of the plant. You need to know how to water the plant correctly, when to plant it, and what the container for planting should be.

Priming

For domestic varieties planted in pots and tubs, nutritious soil of sand and peat in equal parts is needed. The bottom layer is formed from small pebbles or expanded clay so that the holes in the container do not become clogged. Then the seedling container is filled with this mixture. There is no need to thoroughly compact the soil, since gypsophila loves soft, loose soil.

Before sowing, the soil must be moistened. The seeds are laid out on the ground and sprinkled with sand on top. Gypsophila sometimes does not survive transplantation well, and to avoid diving in the future, the seeds in the container are distributed at a distance of about 10 cm from each other.Place a glass or transparent lid on top of the container.

Tara

Gypsophila is planted in pots, cache-pots, balcony boxes, and flowerpots. Creeping low-growing varieties are usually planted this way. As it grows, gypsophila hangs beautifully like an hanging plant. For the winter, balcony boxes are moved to a warm room or greenhouse. For potted species, replanting is carried out in the spring after the plant awakens. In this case, the container is selected a couple of centimeters wider than before.

Watering

Young plants need abundant and frequent watering. This does not depend on where they grow. Potted crops are watered as needed, after the top layer of soil becomes dry. It is important not to allow moisture to stagnate. In the first days, a syringe is used to moisturize. Watering the seedlings is carried out with settled water at room temperature at the root.

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1. Fertilizer
2. Due to the fact that the feeding area is small when growing in a pot, the plant is regularly fed with organic or liquid mineral fertilizers. Fertilizing is carried out from spring to autumn 2 - 3 times a month after watering.
3. Growing in open ground
4. Sowing into the ground is carried out in April or September. Paniculata gypsophila seeds are sown in March. Young plants are grown in a cool, unheated place in honeycomb containers, which are then replaced with wooden containers.They are planted in separate pots when the leaves appear.

Choosing a place

Since gypsophila loves sunlight, the place for it should be well lit, light partial shade from plants growing nearby is allowed. In the strong shade of a tree growing nearby, gypsophila will not develop and bloom normally. The plant should be planted in an area with a low groundwater level.

Soil

Gypsophila grows well in clay, limestone and sandy loam soils with a minimum amount of moisture. In general, non-acidic soil of almost any composition is suitable for gypsophila, as it is an absolutely unpretentious plant. It is advisable to fertilize the soil with humus before planting at a rate of 6 - 10 kg per 1 sq. m. It is not recommended to use fresh manure. Humus and very wet soils are not suitable. Before planting, it is recommended to fill the hole with sandy soil. This provides:

removal of excess moisture;

increase in soil air permeability;

prevention of root rot and the appearance of fungal spores.

Garden varieties are best grown in well-drained soil to protect the plant from flooding during rainstorms. To do this, you need to prepare a sandy substrate and add small stones. It is prohibited to plant gypsophila in wetlands and the shores of artificial and natural reservoirs. In order to remove excess moisture, it is necessary to drain the soil well on the site.

Landing dates

The time for planting gypsophila in the garden depends on its variety. For example, for a variety growing in a region with a warm climate in a rock garden, planting in the ground is carried out in early autumn or early spring. Potted species are planted in the spring. The permanent place of growth should be sunny, because this is a light-loving plant that is not afraid of direct sunlight.

Watering

Kachim needs moderate watering, in hot weather it needs to be increased. Garden gypsophila needs to be watered only in dry times, which is when the plant requires constant moisture. Watering is done strictly at the root. There is no need to water the plant before cutting; it is carried out in dry weather so that the stem does not get wet and rot.

Young gypsophila plantings need regular watering; during drought they are watered every day. In hot weather, 4-5 liters of water per square meter is enough for gypsophila a couple of times a week. In order not to harm the inflorescences, water the plant exactly at the root. To avoid acidification of the soil, the water should not contain chlorine.

Flowers are resistant to dry weather. However, lush flowering is ensured by sufficient moisture. It should be borne in mind that plants will not grow well in swampy soils or in lowlands where the groundwater level is high.

Fertilizer

To maintain abundant flowering, mineral complexes and organic fertilizers are used. It is important to ensure sufficient potassium content in the soil. To do this, apply 50 g of fertilizer per square meter of soil once every 2-3 weeks. For organic fertilizers, you can use mullein solution or compost.

Trimming

Since perennial plant varieties quickly grow and lose their well-groomed appearance, they need pruning. Pruning is carried out after flowering and withering of the shoots, usually in mid-October. The bushes are pruned, leaving 2–4 shoots at the base to make the plant more luxuriant. The stems need to be trimmed so that the remaining dry stems are no more than 5 - 7 cm high.

Transfer

The plant is replanted in the fall, after it becomes stronger. The planting location depends on the type of gypsophila. For example, gypsophila paniculata will look good next to large flowers. The ideal place for Creeping Gypsophila is an alpine hill. Planting work is carried out in the following order:

First of all, you need to prepare the beds and saturate the soil with moisture.

Then the sowing area is covered with film and left for several days in a bright place.

In the autumn, mature plants are transplanted to any site, leaving a distance of about 20 cm between them, and about 50 cm between tall varieties.

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Creeping shoots form dense bushes that look unkempt when crowded into a narrow space. Without replanting, gypsophila can destroy nearby weak plants. Young bushes easily tolerate this process. For the first time we transplant it after 2 years.

The perennial needs to be replanted from time to time. Certain varieties grow in one place for a long time, most, but require replanting.

The procedure is carried out at least once or twice during the entire life of the plant, since for a young two-year-old gypsophila it will pass without consequences, while an older one may get sick.

Seed collection

• The seeds of the plant can be either bought in a store or collected independently from the plot. The seeds are collected after the gypsophila has flowered. In place of the flowers, achenes are formed, which contain small seeds. Seeds for storage must be ripe and dry. To dry them further, the seeds are poured onto a flat surface, such as a tray, and dried.After collecting the planting material, you need to get rid of foreign impurities; to do this, they need to be sifted through a fine-mesh sieve. After this, you need to put the seeds in a bag and put them in a dry place. Seeds remain viable for 2 - 3 years.
• Preparing for winter

Gypsophila is frost-resistant. But gardeners prefer to cover young, not yet mature plants and not very well-known varieties with peat, burlap, foliage, spruce branches and mulch. Sometimes, depending on the weather, the plant under the leaves may rot, then you need to give preference to spruce branches. The best shelter for a plant is snow. If there is a deficiency, you need to add it. The plant will easily survive a snowy winter without wrapping it up. But to be on the safe side, covering the plant with leaves won’t hurt.

Spring treatment

You need to start feeding the plant in early spring. At this time of year there may not be enough sunlight, so it is worth providing the plant with additional lighting. In the spring, seedlings planted in temporary beds in the fall are planted in a permanent place. To achieve continuous flowering of gypsophila, seeds are sown every 2 weeks when the soil warms up. In the spring, gypsophila will begin its growing season and quickly grow again.

Reproduction

Gypsophila can reproduce vegetatively and by seeds. Annual varieties and certain types of perennials are propagated by seeds. Each method of propagating perennial gypsophila has its own strengths and weaknesses.

Seeds

The seed method is the longest. When using it, you need to remember that the plant may lose its varietal properties or their manifestation several years after planting.

1. Propagation by seeds is important for annual plant varieties and some perennial varieties. Seeds are sown closer to the onset of cold weather in open ground on a temporary bed. With the arrival of spring, when the seedlings become stronger, they are transplanted to a permanent place.
2. Since a distance of at least 15 cm must be maintained between the shoots, the emerging shoots are thinned out 1 - 2 weeks after their appearance. You can plant them one by one in peat humus pots. Further growth of gypsophila occurs with additional lighting, since seedlings need 13-14 hours of daylight for timely development, and in mid-spring the days are not long enough. When the seedlings have one or a pair of leaves, they are transplanted to a permanent bed, and due to the fact that perennial species can grow in one place for a long time, planting perennial gypsophila requires the right approach to choosing a site.
3. Dividing bushes
4. This technology allows you to quickly propagate kachim without worrying about the loss of varietal qualities. Adult plants of annual and perennial species are propagated by division.

The event is held in September, but if the plant grows in a region with a cold climate - in the first months of spring.The bush is removed from the container or soil and the rhizome is divided into two or three parts with a knife. The delenki are planted in separate boxes or in bright places in the garden.

Cuttings

Cuttings are the most effective method, although it is not considered simple.

Cuttings are taken from young shoots in late spring. They are immersed about 2 cm in a loose substrate (can be supplemented with chalk) and kept at a temperature of about 20°C with high humidity and daylight for at least 12 hours. Rooted cuttings should be planted in such a way that they take root well before the onset of cold weather.

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