The yield depends on the quality of the soil. After autumn cleaning, it is necessary to pay great attention to the soil in the garden plot. An important and necessary measure is disinfection. It is especially necessary to take seriously the elimination of possible fungal infections.
Proper treatment and disinfection
Over the summer, some changes occur with the soil, including the appearance of pests, and the possibility of the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. As a result, plants develop poorly, seedlings do not take root, and fertile ground for reproduction is created for pests.
A large number of disinfectants are designed to help the gardener cope with the most difficult tasks:
- nutrition, plant growth;
- reducing the weed population;
- protection from infection;
- reducing the number of treatments for various diseases.
After the harvest has been harvested, it is necessary to prepare the soil for wintering, and also help it recover during the rest period, for this the gardener will need to:
- remove all remaining parts of weeds from the ground;
- remove all dirt, add lime, then the possibility of infection with bacteria will decrease;
- the ground should remain open, do not put old unnecessary things, trash, building materials in the garden;
- after digging, add special disinfectants.
As a result, the composition of the soil will normalize, and resistance to diseases will increase.
Dangerous fungal diseases
It is fungal infections that often bother gardeners, cause the greatest harm to plants, reduce yields or generally suppress the crop, causing death. The most common:
- Late blight is a lower organism that parasitizes plants and trees, leading to wilting and rotting. Fungi reproduce in the ground, and both aboveground and underground parts of plants are at risk.
- Scab is a type of lower fungus that damages fruits and foliage and is most often found on fruit trees such as apple trees.
- Rot - infection by these fungi occurs in the presence of moisture, a fairly small area of dead tissue of a plant or fruit.
There are many more varieties of such diseases, all of them are caused by fungal infections, but it is not difficult to fight them.
What drugs to use
It is not difficult to improve the soil in open ground; it is worth studying disinfection methods, which are divided into agrotechnical, biological and chemical. Autumn cleaning of plant residues, leaves, and tops from the land is mandatory. If there is very little land, then it is better to use the safest drugs for animals and humans:
- Baikal;
- Fitosporin;
- Baktofit;
- Trichoderma and others.
Apply the product to the upper part of the soil no deeper than 10 cm. If the infection is severe and biological preparations are not enough, then you should use a stronger product, for example, Bordeaux mixture. But in this case, autumn treatment will not be enough; application of drugs will be required in the spring. In addition, you can use:
- manganese solution;
- wood ash;
- sulfuric acid;
- phosphoric acid;
- pine needles;
- broad-spectrum fungicides.
Regular treatment will protect against repeated manifestations of fungal diseases of plants.
Regular soil care, as well as disinfection measures, will help grow a rich harvest. Autumn cleaning and processing is no less important than spring, and therefore it is necessary to disinfect the soil regularly, especially in open ground.
